Swiss Army Hermes Typewriter, 1969
Technology & Business
-The industry includes research, development and manufacturing of Pharmaceuticals, Aircraft & spacecraft, Medical, precision & optimal instruments, Radio, television & communication equipment, Office, accounting & computing machinery, Electrical machinery & apparatus, Motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers, Railroad & transport equipment, Chemical & chemical products
-The dot-com bubble was a boom in internet technology business starting in 1998 until about 2000 when it peaked on the stock market. There is a tremendous risk for those working in internet technology and investing in it. Some internet platforms have not endured and are quickly replaced in less than a decade. The most major players from the start in computer and internet related business and materials are Apple, Microsoft, Google, Yahoo, Intel. Apple was the 64th website to be registered on the internet and the earliest that still remains as a major business.
-Telecommunications follows close behind the internet boom with the rise of the cell phone. However recent efforts at computer communications such as the Apple Iphone and Skype predict telecommunications being absorbed by internet business.
Short history of technology
-Technology is simply applying knowledge to materials to use them as tools, it also involves the continual transformation of tools
-Businesses use technology for internal and external operations and communication.
-A Museum for the History of Business Technology is located in London -http://www.mbht.com/
Examples include everything from Adding Machines, to Paging and Calling Systems, Peforating Machines, Time Recording Machines and more.
-Woodblock printing goes back to 200 AD in Asia. The first Western printing was created by Guttenberg in 1440.
-In 1500 Leoardo da Vinci created the mechanical typewriter. The typewriter was then re-invented around 1870 by numerous people claiming the origin. The letters were placed for convenience of frequency used and remain in the same place today
-The carbon copy is the name for an exact duplicate created in 1806. To make the first carbon paper, thin paper was soaked in ink, and then dried and placed between between sheets of paper. This allowed individuals to make copies at home.
-The photocopy machine was created in 1937 but, because of the war it was not installed in offices until 1949
-Sending messages remotely by wire goes back to the 1840’s but the fax Machine as we know it, transferred through phone lines was not popular until the 1980’s.
-Live operators were hired to answer calls until recorded voicemail was introduced in the 1980’s
-Electronic mailboxes connected to large mainframe computers were used at MIT in 1965. Email –electronic mail- was first created with the @ symbol in 1972. It was in use for government agencies as early as the 1970’s but not introduced with software mass programs until the 1980’s.
-The first text message was sent between NASA and Motorola in 1989
-In 1955 IBM introduced the fist large scale mainframe computer for commercial use at $200,000 with 2000 words of memory
-A word processor is computer software for formatting text before it prints. This appeared in many offices by the late 1980’s, over 100 years after the typewriter
-Video conferencing was first used for closed circuit television in Berlin in WWII
-Skype is a Swedish software for free internet video conversation introduced in 2003
Global technology
-Technology plays a major role in the integration of globalization. technology itself however still has a location specific development that means there are different tools unable to cross cultures. Global standards are a prime focus for new technology.
-Digital Rights Management (DRM) is a main way for international companies to control the content and use of technology. Your phone may be locked from use in another area. You may also not have the correct bandwidth for reception in a certain area. It also includes right to copying software and other products. DRM is used by major companies but in time consumers copy or crack the coding. DRM is debated by some companies as unnecessary but it is upheld in the US by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
-The Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) is advocating “global standards” for technology. They are now asking business to adhere to global principals. They have created a free public manual that is supported by 85% of global business. This mainly includes basic aspects like environment and avoiding scandal but it has created the first forum for global standards policy
Technology & UN
Can you imagine having a business today without electricity? What type?
What types of businesses can exist today without computers?
How can technology solve and cause problems?
Critical perspectives on technology:
Marshall McLuhan was a mid 20th century Canadian professor in technology and media. He believed that all tools are extensions of the human body so that the hammer is an extension of the hand, or the mirror and extension of the eye.
“The Medium is the Message” is the idea that the medium (an email, a telephone, a television) determines the message. This means technology overpowers the content.
“Global village” is the idea that technology has made the human race closer in time, and electronic distance so that now we have a global accountability as if we occupied a village.
“Rear-view-mirrorism” is the idea that all new technology resembles the one that came before it. Think of how a CD looks like a record or a PDF looks like an actual piece of paper. This resemblance helps us transition between technologies.
Jean Baudrillard was a late 20th century French professor of technology and media He emphasized the virtual reality that was created by technology.
“Simulacra” literally means copy but Baudrillard argued that a simulacrum is not a copy of the real, but becomes truth in its own right: the hypereal.
Baudrillard interview on technology:
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Images www.retrothing.com and statistics www.wikipedia.org
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